Starting Windows 7, the indexing service indexes the contents of the files while they are created or modified. This means features like Instant Search readily provides results for your searches by looking into its index of file contents.
However, if you don’t search your disk quite often or have multiple disks where the disk or paritions where content is not searched often (for example, you just have your Windows install and program files on C: and the rest of data on drive D:) then you can turn off this content indexing feature to improve performance.
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